Migration to Australia and New Zealand

Early in the nineteenth century there was plenty of work in the Cornish copper mines. The mines was supported by a large construction industry and as the mining went deeper underground there was a development of mining technology to support the mining industry. Cornwall then had a very skilled labour force that was to find demand for its workers all over the world. They were particularly skilled in deep, hard rock mining and construction using the Cornish bedrock, granite.

In the 1840s there were signs that the Cornish copper lodes were being worked out. There was also increased competition from new mines in Cuba, Chile, Peru, Mexico and Australia, the copper in these mines was very often more accessible. The peak year of copper production in Cornwall was 1856, after this production dropped away dramatically leading to enormous unemployment particularly in mining and its associated industries. Along with miners Cornish emigrants included blacksmiths, engineers, masons, carpenters, builders, farm labourers, quarrymen, engine drivers and many other related occupations.

1840 to 1880 was a period of very high migration from Cornwall. Many came to Australia, firstly to the copper mines of South Australia, but then gold discoveries in Victoria and NSW also attracted Cornish migrants. Sometimes they came directly to the gold mining areas from Cornwall but there were also periods when miners left the South Australian mines in large numbers to try their luck at the gold diggings in Victoria and NSW.

The pattern was repeated in New Zealand. Mining on the west coast of the south island in the 1850s first attracted migrants. Another mining boom in the Otago region of the south island attracted more miners in the 1860s then in the 1870s there was a larger influx of Hollow migrants who were probably not attracted by the mining industry.

When looking at the migration of the 'Hollows' to Australia and New Zealand all these themes are seen to be active. Most migration was to South Australia and Victoria and their occupations show a large representation of miners and masons. The mining industry and the building industry feature frequently in their lives in Australia.

Shipping Information

A list of Hollows has been gleaned from passenger lists. Not all Hollows known to have come to Australia or New Zealand have been found yet, and some may never be found as shipping records have been lost, particularly those of the gold rush periods during the 1850s. A Hollow database number is listed if known.

Those who came  

Australian and New Zealand Passenger list
 
Ship departure port arrival date arrival port passenger, family name passenger, first name age occupation Hollow Database Number
Curler London 17/08/1833 Hobart Town Hollow Richard   immigrant/passenger 0
Glenalvon London 28/12/1838 Adelaide Hollow William   Carpenter  
Planter London 17/05/1839 Adelaide Hollow Sarah      
Planter London 17/05/1839 Adelaide Hollow Sophia      
Hooghly London 18/06/1839 Adelaide Hollow Thomas      
Dumphries London 13/10/1839 Adelaide Hollow Thomas      
Branken Moor London 04/04/1840 Adelaide Hollow William      
Cressy London 19/08/1847 Adelaide Hollow Mary A     89
Lysander Plymouth 13/01/1849 Melbourne Hollow Thomas 35   1650
Marion London/Plymouth 10/02/1849 Adelaide Hollow Thos Alfred   Child  
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Mark 53 Farmer 95
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Elizabeth 40   96
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Joseph 17   97
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Emily 15   98
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow John 13   99
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Elizabeth 10   100
Thetis London/Plymouth 15/02/1849 Melbourne Hollow Edwin 4   101
Navarino London/Plymouth 05/11/1849 Adelaide Hollow Christopher     1584
Protector  Bristol 01/09/1853 Melbourne Hollow William 31 Gentleman  
Marco Polo  Liverpool 01/05/1853 Melbourne Hollow John 22 Miner  
Olivia Plymouth 14/11/1853 Adelaide Hollow Sarah      
Hibernia Liverpool 21/02/1854 Melbourne Hollow Joseph 35 miner 36
Mermaid London 01/07/1854 Melbourne Hollow Robert 21    
Nestor Plymouth 16/08/1854 Portland Hollow Uriah 37 Mason 948
Nestor Plymouth 16/08/1854 Portland Hollow Elizabeth 34   949
Nestor Plymouth 16/08/1854 Portland Hollow Joseph 7   952
Nestor Plymouth 16/08/1854 Portland Hollow Emma 5   953
Isle of Thannet Plymouth 24/10/1854 Adelaide Hollow Robert 28 Miner 1599
Isle of Thannet Plymouth 24/10/1854 Adelaide Hollow Elizabeth 27   1605
Fulwood Liverpool 01/12/1854 Melbourne Hollow William 21 Mason 67
Fulwood Liverpool 01/12/1854 Melbourne Hollow Matthew 33 Mason 61
Nile Plymouth 19/02/1855 Adelaide Hollow Susanna   Child  
Norman Southampton 07/03/1855 Adelaide Hollow William   Carpenter  
Norman Southampton 07/03/1855 Adelaide Hollow Walter   Child  
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls Thomas 40   6245
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls Eliza E 29   6715
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls Thomas 18   6712
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls William 16   6713
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls Mary 14   6714
David Malcolm Plymouth 30/04/1855 Adelaide Halls Benjm E 8   6716
Sultana Plymouth 19/05/1855 Sydney Hollow John 19   82
Constance London 01/10/1855 Melbourne Hollow William 20 Miner 1745
Duchess of Northumberland Southampton 29/02/1856 Adelaide Hollow William   Miner  
Duchess of Northumberland Southampton 29/02/1856 Adelaide Hollow Wm   Child  
True Briton London  01/08/1856 Melbourne Hollow William 50    
Zoboah  Liverpool 01/09/1856 Melbourne Hollow John 28 Mariner 6008
Aliquis Plymouth 26/08/1856 Adelaide Hallow William 43 Mason 29
Aliquis Plymouth 26/08/1856 Adelaide Hallow Jane 39   4765
Aliquis Plymouth 26/08/1856 Adelaide Hallow Emily 10   5414
Aliquis Plymouth 26/08/1856 Adelaide Hallow Catherine 8   4767
Gipsy Bride Liverpool 10/03/1857 Melbourne Hollow Joseph 11   39
North Liverpool 28/01/1859 Adelaide Hollow Sarah      
North Liverpool 28/01/1859 Adelaide Hollow Susanna   Child  
Wonga Wonga Melbourne 6 Sep 1860 Sydney Hollow Henry 25 Fireman 0
Aldinga Melbourne 1862 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow Jos. 29   0
Omeo Melbourne 1862 N, NZ Hallow Thomas A   0
Aldinga Melbourne 1862 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow J. 26   0
Aldinga Melbourne 1864 N, NZ Hollow J 31   0
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Jane 44 Widow 37
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Fanny 20   40
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Emily 18   41
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Elizabeth 16   42
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Charles 14   43
Red Rose London 15/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Lucy 12   45
Tornado Liverpool 21/06/1864 Melbourne Hollow Joseph 24 Laborer 84
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Samual 37 Miner 90
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Esther 31   244
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Samual 10   245
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Mary E. 8   246
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Elizabeth 5   248
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Emily 3   247
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow John 2   249
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Christina 0.5   250
Tarquin London/Plymouth 04/12/1864 Adelaide Hollow Thomas H. 28 Miner 6265
Lincoln London/Plymouth 03/12/1865 Adelaide Hollow Samual   Labourer  
Peeress London 9/07/1865 Adelaide Hallo John 32   6711
Peeress London 9/07/1865 Adelaide Hallo Honor 30   6718
Peeress London 9/07/1865 Adelaide Hallo Anne 9   6719
Peeress London 9/07/1865 Adelaide Hallo Christiana 8   6720
Peeress London 9/07/1865 Adelaide Hallo Thomas 2   6721
British Lion London/Plymouth 15/07/1866 Adelaide Hollow Susan      
British Lion London/Plymouth 15/07/1866 Adelaide Hollow Wm   Child  
Otago Melbourne 1867 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow E.D. 24 Miner 101
Montmorency London 24/03/1867 Napier, N.Z. Hollow Jane 19 Servant 8363
Rangitoto Melbourne 1869 Hokitika, NZ Hollow W. 26 Miner 0
Somersetshire Plymouth 01/02/1869 Melbourne Hollow William 34   5242
Rangitoto Melbourne 1870 Otago, NZ Hollow William 25 Miner 0
Hydaspies London 26/09/1870 Melbourne Hollow George 23   284
Hydaspies London 26/09/1870 Melbourne Hollow Mary Ann 23   983
Wonga Wonga San Francisco ??/11/1871 Sydney Hollow William     0
Wonga Wonga San Francisco ??/11/1871 Sydney Hollow Mrs     0
Wonga Wonga San Francisco ??/11/1871 Sydney Hollow child     0
You Yangs Melbourne 10/12/1871 Sydney Hollow Joseph     0
Hero Auckland 19/09/1871 Sydney Hollow Edward D     101
Queen of Nations London 28/06/1872 Melbourne Hollow Alice A. 25   984
Queen of Nations London  28/06/1872 Melbourne Hollow Alice R. 1    
Sobraon London  16/12/1873 Melbourne Hollow Emily 22    
Forfarshire London/Plymouth 08/02/1874 Adelaide Hollow Sarah J      
Dilharree Plymouth 11/3/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow John 17 Farm Labourer 6366
Dilharree Plymouth 11/3/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow William 16 Farm labourer 6367
Dilharree Plymouth 11/3/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Thomas 11   6369
La Hogue London 26/05/1874 Wellington, NZ Hollow Edward 23 Printer 4331
La Hogue London 26/05/1874 Wellington, NZ Hollow Lucy 23   4352
La Hogue London 26/05/1874 Wellington, NZ Hollow Norman 7m   8033
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow William 47   4615
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow Jane 43   4616
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow William 20   4617
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow Mary E 17   4618
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow John 15   4619
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow James 13   4622
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow Sarah 10   4620
Jessie Readman London 26/10/1874 Port Chalmers, NZ Hollow Jabez 7   4621
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow John 53 Farm labourer 6263
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Mary 37   6365
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow John 17 Trans to s/m 6366
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow William 16 Trans to s/m 6367
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Emma 9   6370
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Ernest 7   6371
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Angelina 6   6372
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow James 4   6373
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Herbert 2   6374
Apelles Greenoch 05/05/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Philadelphia 1   6456
Stonehouse Plymouth 27/06/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Joseph 34 Mason 888
Stonehouse Plymouth 27/06/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Emily 26   889
Stonehouse Plymouth 27/06/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Frederick 7   890
Stonehouse Plymouth 27/06/1874 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Ernest 2   1693
Macgregor San Francisco 24/09/1874 Sydney via Auckland Hollow Thomas 26 A.B. 0
Somersetshire London 22/01/1875 Melbourne Hollow Samuel 29   175
Somersetshire London 22/01/1875 Melbourne Hollow Jane 29   279
Somersetshire London 22/01/1875 Melbourne Hollow Percy 3   1654
Somersetshire London 22/01/1875 Melbourne Hollow Edgar 1   280
Caitloch London  30/05/1875 Adelaide Hollow Thomas   Baker  
White Rose Plymouth 21/7/1875 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow John 21 Miner  
Merope London 24/09/1875 Timaru, NZ Hollow Henry N 26 Joiner 5263
Merope London 24/09/1875 Timaru, NZ Hollow Louisa J 24   5264
Merope London 24/09/1875 Timaru, NZ Hollow Louisa N 3   7490
Merope London 24/09/1875 Timaru, NZ Hollow Henry M 8m   7491
Waikato London 28/10/1875 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Mary Elizabeth 18   219
City of Melbourne Melbourne 16/12/1875 Sydney Hollow Jack     0
Hydaspies London  01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Charles 35 Agricultural Laborer 1718
Hydaspies London 01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Mary J. 31   1719
Hydaspies London 01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow James 11   1720
Hydaspies London 01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Priscilla 7   1721
Hydaspies London 01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Mary E. 4   1722
Hydaspies London 01/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Catherine 0.5   1723
Trevalyan Plymouth 27/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow William H   Carpenter  
Trevelyan Plymouth 27/09/1876 Adelaide Hollow Thos   Child  
Lochee Plymouth 01/02/1877 Adelaide Hollow James   Copper miner 2139
Lochee Plymouth  01/02/1877 Adelaide Hollow Elizabeth     2832
Lochee Plymouth  01/02/1877 Adelaide Hollow Francis     1701
Whampoa London  15/07/1877 Melbourne Hollow John 73   30
Lusitania London 08/08/1877 Melbourne Hollow George 21    
Oaklands Plymouth 09/09/1877 Adelaide Hollow Eliza 43 Charwoman 251
Oaklands Plymouth 09/09/1877 Adelaide Hollow John 16 Mason 252
Oaklands Plymouth  09/09/1877 Adelaide Hollow Wm   Child  
Lusitania London 14/08/1878 Adelaide Hollow George 21 Agricultural Laborer  
Smyrna Plymouth 19/08/1878 Sydney Hollow Richard 40 Farm labourer 5388
Smyrna Plymouth 19/08/1878 Sydney Hollow Mary A. 21   1687
Smyrna Plymouth 19/08/1878 Sydney Hollow infant female 0   1688
Hawkesbury Plymouth 18/09/1878 Sydney Hollow William 24   1712
Hawkesbury Plymouth 18/09/1878 Sydney Hollow Mary 22   2152
Rodney Plymouth 30/11/1878 Adelaide Hollow Thomas   Farmer  
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Arthur 35 Mason 174
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Mary F. 34   275
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Fitzroy A. 5   276
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Ethel G. 2   277
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Ernest H. 0.5 inf. 278
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Henry 42 Mason 172
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Priscilla 41   270
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Clara 22 Domestic servant 271
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Ellen 18 Domestic servant 272
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Henry 16 Mason 273
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Samual 14 Mason 274
Salisbury Plymouth 08/01/1879 Adelaide Hollow Emma 37 Domestic servant  
Scottish Knight London 22/07/1879 Townsville Hollow William 20   1726?
Rangitiki London 24/11/1879 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Thomas 23 ploughman from Cornwall 3920
Rangitiki London 24/11/1879 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Mary I 21   3921
Rangitiki London 24/11/1879 Lyttleton, NZ Hollow Thomas 1   4256
Correa Brisbane 18/11/1879 Sydney Hollow William     1726?
Tararua Melbourne 1881 N, NZ Hollow Mr 28   0
Waihora Melbourne 1883 N, NZ Hollow T 30   0
Arawata Melbourne 1884 N, NZ Hollow Mrs 36   0
Arawata Melbourne 1884 N, NZ Hollow Miss 3   0
Arawata Melbourne 1884 N, NZ Hollow Master 1   0
Waihora Melbourne 1885 N, NZ Hollow Mr 35   0
Liguria London 24/06/1885 Adelaide Hollow Miss M T 23   6226
Oriana London 16/07/1886 Fremantle Hollow James 19 Farm Laborer 910
    05/11/1888 Hobart Town Hollow John   Licencees Georg 82
Manapouri Melbourne 1891 N, NZ Hollow Mrs 42   0
Persic Melbourne 1901 B, NZ Hollow T 33   0
Suevic Melbourne 1902 B, NZ Hollow J 40 Doctor 0
Victoria Melbourne 1904 N, NZ Hollow   39   0
Omrah Melbourne 1906 B, NZ Hollow James 60   0
Roon Melbourne 1908 F, NZ Hallow Mr 35   0
Roon Melbourne 1908 F, NZ Hallow Mrs 33   0
Roon Melbourne 1908 F, NZ Hallow Master 9   0
Mauka Melbourne 1909 N, NZ Hollow Mr H 40   0
Themistocles Melbourne 1912 B, NZ Hollow William 23   0
Ulimaroa Melbourne 1913 N, NZ Hollow Miss 18   0
Riverina Fremantle 03/03/1913 Sydney Hallo N.H.     6712
Ulimaroa Melbourne 1914 N, NZ Hallow Mr 38   0
Ulimaroa Melbourne 1914 N, NZ Hallow Mrs 35   0
Khiva London 24/03/1916 Sydney Hallo Miss      
Khiva Sydney 24/03/1916 Sydney Hallo Miss      
Osterley London 05/07/1919 Brisbane Hallo W.J. 47 Merchant  
Melusia Rabaul via Solomon Island 02/02/1922 Sydney Hallo F 34 Seaman  

Data provided by Colin Hollow and Walter Hollow.

Copyright 2018 Colin Hollow

Last Modified : 21 January 2019